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Dnes je streda, 10.9.2025
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| > HLAVNÁ STRÁNKA > Publikačná činnosť > Teologický časopis |
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| Teologický časopis |
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Teologický časopis, roč. 11, 2013, č. 2
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Kumránsky mesianizmus
Sidonia Horňanová
HORŇANOVÁ, S.: Qumran Messianism. Teologický časopis, XI, 2013, 2, s. 5 – 37.
The aim of the contribution is to acquaint with the results of modern research of messianism in the Dead Sea Scrolls. It starts with a survey of history of research of Qumran messianism that encompasses the diversity of the proposed theories and various approaches. It enumerates difficulties that are linked with research of Qumran messianism. Afterwards it presents a survey of chosen Qumran messianic texts that show the abundance of messianic expectations and eschatological saviour figures in Early Judaism including especially the concept of Davidic Messiah, Messiah of Aaron and two messiah doctrine. This abundance may be caused by the fact that Qumran community covers a history almost 200 years and in that period a development and a change in the messianic expectations may be assumed. On the other hand, Qumran messianism also reflects self understanding of the community and its biblical exegesis. Along with the references to the Messiah in the Dead Sea Scrolls, the Jewish apocryphal and pseudoepigraphic works are also recognized as a very important source for understanding of Qumran messianism and of Jewish messianism in general. Final remarks of the study deal with understanding Qumran messianism against its historical background.
Keywords: Qumran, scrolls, messianism, eschatology
Školy a písomná kultúra v Izraeli v období prvého chrámu
Jozef Tiňo
TIŇO, J.: Schools and Written Culture in Ancient Israel of the First Temple Period. Teologický časopis, XI, 2013, 2, s. 39 – 51.
This paper discusses main sources of information for our understanding of written culture in Israel of the First Temple Period. The author of the present article puts forward evidence from epigraphic finds combined with relevant biblical passages, and argues that the level of education in the pre-exilic Israel as attested by extra-biblical sources can well explain considerable literary activity in this period in spite of the effort of some scholars to deny it.
Charakter svätenia šabatu v starovekom Izraeli
Bohdan Hroboň
HROBOŇ, B.: Charact er of Sabbath Observance in Ancient Israel. Teologický časopis, XI, 2013, 2, s. 53 – 58.
The purpose of this article is to clarify several issues concerning the observance of the Sabbath in ancient Israel. While it allows for its development during various stages of Israel’s history, it argues that there is no legitimate reason to assume that the Sabbath took on its main religious and/or ethical characteristics only after the Babylonian exile. Undeniably, its religious significance is more apparent in the post-exilic literature of the Old Testament, but, as this article argues, it is reasonable to assume that the main cultic and ethical characters of the Sabbath were present already in the early times of its observance.
Kňazstvo a mníšstvo vo svetle Hieronymovej korešpondencie
Marcela Andoková – Kvetoslava Gyuriová
ANDOKOVÁ, M., GYURIOVÁ, K.: Priesthood and Monkhood in the Light of St. Jerome’s Correspondence. Teologický časopis, XI, 2013, 2, s. 59 – 70.
Jerome’s letters are for the reader a precious source of knowledge of his views and ideas regarding the priestly and monastic life. There we can trace his own intellectual and spiritual development with regard to his understanding of a life as monk and priest. In fact, he makes a clear distinction between the two vocations and states that monks should be men of prayer, penitence and physical work, whereas the priests should not neglect their intellectual formation and help to needy people. Though in his view, he gives preference to an eremitic way of life, it remains, however, an unfulfilled desire rather than a reality on his life journey. According to Jerome, one should prefer the solitude of a hermit to a cenobitic life of monks living in a monastery but he considers this way of life good only for those who have undergone the trial of repentance and have matured to a life in solitude. To draw basic lines of a monastic life he uses various biblical examples and depicts it against the background of his own life experience as well as on life stories of his friends who many a time were recipients of his letters offerring advice and recommendations how to live according to the Holy Scriptures in order to gain the crown of eternal life. Here the idea of “everyday martyrdom” comes to play.
Keywords: Saint Jerome, letters to monks and priests, the Holy Scripture, eremitic life, everyday martyrdom
Absolútne tajomstvo človeka
Aspekty teológie mystéria Karla Rahnera v kontexte kresťanskej viery
Zoltán Fóthy
FÓTHY, C.: The Absolute Mystery of Man : Important Aspects of Karl Rahner’s Theology of Mystery in the Context of Christian Faith. Teologický časopis, XI, 2013, 2, s. 71 – 80.
Karl Rahner as a representative of the transcendental theology following the human experience of self characterizes human being as the one who is reliant on mystery, which is constantly present for his subjectivity and he inevitably meets it. His existence is open to the mystery, since he perceives himself as a mystery too, in the light of the basic principle of transcendence, which is God himself. The horizon of the absolutely loving freedom appears to him as a definitely relevant horizon, which attracts the human soul to God. The transcendence becomes concrete in the mystery and reaches his final appearance in the history. The horizon of the human transcendence becomes visible in this dynamic milieu, through which it participates in the mystery. On the basis of the deepest transcendental need for the revelation in history we come to the person of an absolute Savior. In him the greatest possible evidence of unity between God and man has appeared. This act signifies the culmination of God’s gracious activity. The transcendental approach of mystery in theology thus opens the dynamic motion for meeting God in history.
Slovo ako všeľudský fenomén v diele P. A. Florenského
Daniel Porubec
PORUBEC, D.: Word as an Universal Human Phenomenon in the Work of P. A. Florensky. Teologický časopis, XI, 2013, 2, s. 81 – 104.
The word is according to Florensky much more than a sound. Just like in the name of God the Named one is truly present, so is the spiritual power truly present in the word. Especially the spoken word possesses the spiritual power, that can be used for building or misused for destroying. He is aware of this strong creative power and talks about the word as a real tool. Due to the fact that the word has an immaterial body, the man can extend his real influence much more intensively than with any other tool. The author does not hesitate to call the word a material tool with an immaterial body. He also emphasizes the magical transempirical existence of the word. This existence in a way precedes the settled rational concepts. The spoken word inspires and enchants the listener and as a vivid image outruns the static rationality. The words as live images create and form live concepts much sooner than the ordered and frozen concepts in our systematic rational possession create the words. Further Florensky says that our word is our being and our identity. Man is a verbal being. If he stops to cultivate and to improve the word by neglecting its external phonetic form, or he even substitutes the form for a different one, the word not only loses its balance as a mystical and magical unit, but threatens the integrity of man himself. Here dwells the reason why man should cherish good words, because they do not only describe the reality, they also create the important ethical authenticity of our being.
Keywords: P. A. Florenskij, Russian religious philosophy, symbol, language, word
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Teologický časopis, roč. 11, 2013, č. 1
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Teologický časopis, roč. 10, 2012, č. 2
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Teologický časopis, roč. 9, 2011, č. 2
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Teologický časopis, roč. 8, 2010, č. 1
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Teologický časopis, roč. 7, 2009, č. 1
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Teologický časopis, roč. 6, 2008, č. 1
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